MathGeometry & TrigonometryLow frequency

SAT Math: Basic Trigonometric Identities

16+ practice questions in Praczo

What you need to know

The concept, explained

  • 1

    The most freqently tested identity on the SAT is the Complementary Angle Theorem: sin(x) = cos(90° - x) or sin(x) = cos(π/2 - x).

  • 2

    This means if two angles add up to 90 degrees, the sine of one equals the cosine of the other (e.g., sin 30° = cos 60°).

  • 3

    Tangent is sine divided by cosine: tan(x) = sin(x) / cos(x).

  • 4

    Pythagorean identify: sin²(x) + cos²(x) = 1.

  • 5

    If given a right triangle and told sin(A) = 3/5, you automatically know cos(B) = 3/5, assuming A and B are the acute angles.

Common mistakes
  • Confusing the complementary angle rule with supplementary angles.
  • Thinking sin(x) could equal cos(x) for all x (it's only true for x = 45°).
Try a sample question

SAT-style practice

In a right triangle, the acute angles are A and B. If sin(A) = 0.8, what is the value of cos(B)?

16+ questions ready to practice

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