MathEquivalent ExpressionsHigh frequency

SAT Math: Factor out the greatest common factor

34+ practice questions in Praczo

What you need to know

The concept, explained

  • 1

    The GCF is the largest expression that divides every term. Look for both numerical factors and shared variables with the smallest exponent.

  • 2

    For 6x³ + 9x², the GCF is 3x² — divide each term: 3x²(2x + 3).

  • 3

    Always factor out the GCF before trying any other factoring method; missing it often leaves you with unnecessarily ugly numbers.

  • 4

    Check your result by distributing: if it doesn't rebuild the original, re-factor.

Common mistakes
  • Taking a GCF that's too small (e.g., pulling out x² when 3x² is also common).
  • Forgetting to include every term inside the parenthesis when you factor (especially a trailing "1" when you factor out the whole term).
Try a sample question

SAT-style practice

Which expression is equivalent to 12x³y − 18x²y²?

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