MathAlgebraHigh frequency

SAT Math: Solving Systems of Equations by Substitution

35+ practice questions in Praczo

What you need to know

The concept, explained

  • 1

    Substitution works by solving one equation for one variable, then plugging that expression into the other equation to create one equation with one unknown.

  • 2

    Choose the variable that's easiest to isolate — usually whichever already has a coefficient of 1 or −1.

  • 3

    After substituting, solve the resulting single-variable equation, then back-substitute to find the second variable.

  • 4

    Always check your solution by plugging both values back into both original equations — both must be satisfied.

  • 5

    If you end up with a contradiction (e.g., 0 = 5), the system has no solution. If you get a true statement (e.g., 0 = 0), it has infinitely many solutions.

Common mistakes
  • Substituting into the same equation you solved from — always substitute into the other equation.
  • Finding x and stopping. Re-read the question — it may ask for y, or x + y, or some other expression.
Try a sample question

SAT-style practice

y = 3x − 1 2x + y = 9 What is the value of x?

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